Analysts say the pirates have moved many of their operations out of the Gulf of Aden, which is heavily patrolled by naval warships from countries as diverse as China, the United States, France and India. Instead, they are attacking off the east African coast, targeting ships coming out of the Mozambican channel. The multimillion-dollar ransoms are a huge source of cash in Somalia, where nearly half the population is dependent on food aid and clan-based militias are tearing the country apart.
The lawless Horn of Africa nation has not had a functioning government since 1991.