The boats will help enforce maritime regulations, enhance environment protection and respond to incidents like oil spills.
MPA deputy port master Jolyn Tay said: "The new fleet is equipped with anti-pollution and fire-fighting equipment which is not included in the old fleet of patrol craft.
"This will enable us to have a faster initial response, because previously, we would have to cordon off the area and have another craft to initiate the first response."
MPA chief executive Lam Yi Young said: "The port of Singapore has grown into a global hub port with vessel arrival tonnage hitting a new record of 2.12 billion gross tonnes last year.
"With some 1,000 vessels in our port at any one time, ensuring the safety and security of our port waters is of utmost importance."
The boats are eco-friendly with low-emission engines.