Workers protesting the application of a new law on French port operations started a strike on Dec. 4 after rotating walkouts roughly every other day. The Marseille docks, which have a long history of labor strife, have been affected by stoppages in recent years as unions resisted efforts to move jobs to the private sector.
The Union Francaise des Industries Petrolieres, which represents the French oil industry, has estimated the labor action cost $1.5 million to $2 million a day in reduced refinery operations and delayed vessels.