New data from the US Census Bureau, detailing both sales and inventory changes in the US up until the end of April 2024, shows absolutely no signs of a sudden surge in container demand prior to the sharp rise in container spot rates in early May 2024, Sea-Intelligence reported.
As an example, Figure 1 shows that the overall trend for all three categories of US sales remained flat from the end of the pandemic through April 2024. Similarly, inventories by category and inventory-to-sales ratios show no deviations from long-term trends. This would have made it virtually impossible for carriers to proactively deploy more capacity, to prevent capacity shortages and rate spikes. This severely challenges the notion that the current rate spikes are solely due carriers deliberately manipulating the market to cause rate spikes.
What we are seeing though, is that carriers are now planning to increase capacity sharply the main East/West trades.
On Asia-Europe, a sharp capacity increase is planned for the first two weeks of July, but then abating down to a capacity growth of around 6% Y/Y for the rest of July and August. On Transpacific, not only do we see a sharp imminent increase in capacity growth, but also an intention by the carriers to sustain this high supply growth through to mid-August.
The success of these capacity expansions – and their potential to alleviate market pressure – hinges on whether growing port congestion allows carriers to operate the envisioned vessels according to their planned sailing schedules.